A WBC (White Blood Cell) differential count is a test that measures the types of white blood cells in your blood.
White blood cells are crucial for the body's immune response, fighting infections and protecting against foreign invaders like bacteria, viruses, and other harmful pathogens. The WBC differential count provides detailed information about the five types of white blood cells in the blood: neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils.
The WBC differential count procedure is simple and usually done as part of a complete blood count (CBC).
1] Blood Sample Collection: A healthcare professional draws a small sample of blood, typically from a vein in the arm.
2] Laboratory Analysis: The blood sample is sent to a laboratory where it is analyzed using automated machines or, in some cases, manually under a microscope.
3] Report Generation: The test measures the percentage of each type of white blood cell present in the blood and calculates the total white blood cell count.
4] Interpretation: The results help doctors identify if there is an infection, inflammation, or other underlying health conditions based on which types of white blood cells are elevated or decreased.
Understanding the normal differential WBC count is important for interpreting the results of this test. The following table shows the normal ranges for each type of white blood cell:
1] Neutrophils: 50-70% of total WBCs
2] Lymphocytes: 20-40% of total WBCs
3] Monocytes: 2-8% of total WBCs
4] Eosinophils: 1-4% of total WBCs
5] Basophils: 0.5-1% of total WBCs
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1. Total WBC count
2. Neutrophiles
3. Lymphocytes
4. Eosinophils
5. Monocytes
6. Basophils
Fasting is generally not required for a WBC differential count. However, follow any specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider.
No special preparation is needed for this test. However, inform your doctor about any medications or supplements you are taking, as they might influence the WBC differential test results.
The WBC differential count is a standard blood test with minimal risks. You may experience slight discomfort or bruising at the site where the blood sample is taken.
Yes, high levels of physical or emotional stress can cause temporary increases in certain white blood cells, particularly neutrophils.
