The calcium blood test is a routine diagnostic test used to measure the levels of calcium in your blood.
Calcium is a crucial mineral in the body, playing an essential role in bone health, muscle function, nerve transmission, and heart rhythm. The serum calcium test helps to determine whether your calcium levels are within a healthy range and can diagnose a variety of conditions related to bone health, kidney function, and more.
A calcium blood test measures the total amount of calcium in your blood. Calcium exists in the blood in two forms:
A] Bound calcium: Mostly attached to proteins like albumin.
B] Free calcium (ionized calcium): The active form that is not bound to proteins.
The test usually measures the total calcium, but sometimes a doctor may order an ionized calcium test to get a more precise measurement of the active calcium.
Bone and Teeth Health: 99% of the body's calcium is stored in bones and teeth, providing structural strength.
Muscle Contraction: Calcium ions play a crucial role in muscle contraction.
Nerve Transmission: It helps transmit signals through the nervous system.
Blood Clotting: Calcium is involved in the process that helps blood clot.
Heart Function: It regulates the heartbeat by aiding in muscle contraction.
Given these roles, the test for calcium in the body is important for diagnosing conditions that may affect these functions.
Your doctor may order a serum calcium test as part of routine blood work or if you exhibit symptoms of abnormal calcium levels. These symptoms may include Muscle cramps or spasms, Fatigue or weakness, Bone pain or fractures, Numbness or tingling in the hands, feet, or face, Confusion or memory loss, and Irregular heartbeats.
1. Hypercalcemia: High calcium levels, which can indicate issues like hyperparathyroidism, certain cancers, or excessive vitamin D intake.
2. Hypocalcemia: Low calcium levels, often linked to conditions like hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, or kidney disease.
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1. Calcium
A healthcare provider will draw a blood sample from a vein in your arm. The sample is then sent to a laboratory for analysis to measure the calcium levels.
Fasting is not typically required before a calcium blood test, but your doctor might advise fasting if the test is part of a comprehensive metabolic panel or other related tests.
High calcium levels (hypercalcemia) can be a sign of conditions such as hyperparathyroidism, certain cancers, excessive vitamin D intake, or prolonged immobilization. Your doctor may recommend further tests to determine the exact cause.
Low calcium levels (hypocalcemia) can indicate conditions like hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, or chronic kidney disease. Additional tests may be necessary to identify the underlying cause.
