Heart disorders, or cardiac diseases, refer to conditions that affect the heart’s structure and function. Common types include coronary artery disease (CAD), heart attack, arrhythmia, heart failure, and valvular disease.
Heart Disorders - Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis
Heart Disorders: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis
Heart disorders, also known as cardiac diseases, refer to a group of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. These disorders can disrupt the normal functioning of the heart, leading to severe health complications and even life-threatening situations. Understanding heart disorders, their causes, symptoms, and diagnosis is crucial for early detection and treatment.
What Are Heart Disorders?
Heart disorders are medical conditions that impair the heart’s ability to function efficiently. These disorders can affect the heart’s structure, electrical system, or blood circulation. Some common types include:
- Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): Narrowing or blockage of coronary arteries due to plaque buildup.
- Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction): Sudden blockage in the coronary arteries cutting off oxygen supply.
- Arrhythmia: Irregular heartbeat per minute.
- Heart Failure: Inability of the heart to pump blood efficiently, causing shortness of breath.
- Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): Consistently high blood pressure increasing heart disease risk.
- Congenital Heart Defects: Structural abnormalities present at birth.
- Valvular Heart Disease: Dysfunction in one or more heart valves affecting blood flow.
- Cardiomyopathy: Disease of the heart muscle reducing its ability to pump blood.
What Are the Causes of Heart Disorders?
- High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
- High Cholesterol Levels
- Diabetes
- Smoking and Tobacco Use
- Obesity and Poor Diet
- Lack of Physical Activity
- Stress and Anxiety
- Genetics and Family History
What Are the Symptoms of Heart Disorders?
- Chest Pain (Angina)
- Shortness of Breath and Breathing Issues
- Irregular Heartbeat (Arrhythmia)
- Fatigue and Weakness
- Swelling in Legs, Ankles, or Feet
- Dizziness and Fainting
- High Blood Pressure
- Pain in Neck, Jaw, Shoulder, or Back
How Are Heart Disorders Diagnosed?
- Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
- Echocardiogram
- Stress Test
- Blood Tests
- Angiography (Cardiac Catheterization)
- Holter Monitoring
- Heart Scan (CT or MRI)
Heart-Healthy Lifestyle and Foods
Maintaining a heart-healthy lifestyle can help prevent or manage heart disorders. Recommended heart-healthy foods include:
- Fruits and Vegetables
- Whole Grains
- Lean Proteins
- Healthy Fats
- Low-Fat Dairy
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