What is Tuberculosis (TB) and What are the symptoms? How is TB diagnosed?

Tuberculosis (TB) is diagnosed using various tests that detect the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the body. These tests help identify active and latent TB infections.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a potentially serious infectious disease that primarily affects the lungs but can also impact other parts of the body, such as the kidneys, brain, and spine. It is caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis and spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. While TB was once a deadly disease, advancements in medical science have made it treatable and preventable.

This blog will discuss TB symptoms and diagnosis, available tests for TB diagnosis, and the TB test price to help you make informed healthcare decisions. If you’re searching for the best diagnostic centre near me or a blood test lab near me, we’ll guide you on where to get tested.

What are the Symptoms of Tuberculosis (TB)?

TB symptoms may not appear immediately after infection. There are two types of TB: latent TB and active TB . People with latent TB have the bacteria in their body but do not show symptoms and are not contagious. However, if the infection becomes active, symptoms start to appear. Common symptoms include:

Persistent cough lasting more than three weeks

Coughing up blood or mucus

Chest pain while breathing or coughing

Unexplained weight loss

Fatigue and weakness

Night sweats

Fever and chills

Loss of appetite

If you or a loved one is experiencing these symptoms, it is essential to undergo TB testing immediately.

How is TB Diagnosed?

TB diagnosis involves different types of tests to detect the bacteria and determine its severity. Below are some common tests used for TB diagnosis:

1. Tuberculin Skin Test (TST)

Also known as the Mantoux test, this involves injecting a small amount of tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) under the skin. After 48-72 hours, a doctor checks for swelling at the injection site. A significant reaction may indicate TB infection, but further testing is required to confirm an active case.

2. Blood Test for TB (Interferon-Gamma Release Assays - IGRA)

A TB blood test measures the immune response to TB bacteria. Two common IGRA tests are:

QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT) T-SPOT.TB test

These tests are recommended for people who may not respond accurately to the skin test, such as those vaccinated with the BCG vaccine.

3. PCR TB Test

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is an advanced molecular test that detects TB bacteria's genetic material in a sample. It provides quicker and more precise results than traditional methods. PCR TB is especially useful for diagnosing drug-resistant TB.

4. Sputum Test

A sputum sample (mucus from the lungs) is tested under a microscope or cultured to detect the presence of TB bacteria. This is one of the most reliable tests for active TB.

5. Chest X-ray and CT Scan

Imaging tests help identify lung abnormalities caused by TB. While they do not confirm TB alone, they are useful in supporting a diagnosis when combined with other tests.

6. GeneXpert Test

The GeneXpert test is a rapid diagnostic test that detects TB and its resistance to the drug rifampicin. It provides results within two hours and is widely used in high TB burden areas.

7. Urine and Biopsy Tests

For TB infections outside the lungs (extrapulmonary TB), urine tests, biopsies, or fluid sampling from affected organs are conducted.

Why Early TB Diagnosis is Important

Detecting TB early helps in:

Starting treatment promptly to prevent complications

Reducing the spread of TB to others

Preventing the development of drug-resistant TB

Improving overall health and recovery

Conclusion

Tuberculosis is a serious condition, but early detection and treatment can lead to a complete cure. If you experience TB symptoms and diagnosis is needed, visit a trusted diagnostic centre to undergo the recommended tests for TB diagnosis.

Understanding the tuberculosis test price can help you choose the best testing option. If you’re searching for a TB test near me, make sure to visit a reliable blood test lab near me to get accurate results.

For precise and quick testing, visit Diagnopein near me, where you can access advanced diagnostic services, including PCR TB , mrcp scan, and other tests at an affordable cost. Prioritize your health and get tested today!