Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of gluten—found in wheat, barley, and rye—causes the immune system to attack the small intestine, leading to inflammation and damage to the intestinal lining. This damage impairs nutrient absorption and can result in a variety of symptoms, including diarrhea, weight loss, fatigue, abdominal pain, and bloating. Over time, untreated celiac disease can lead to complications such as malnutrition, osteoporosis, and an increased risk of certain cancers. The exact cause of celiac disease is not fully understood, but genetics and environmental factors play a significant role. The only effective treatment for celiac disease is a strict, lifelong gluten-free diet, which helps manage symptoms, promotes healing of the intestine, and prevents long-term complications. Early diagnosis and adherence to a gluten-free lifestyle are crucial for managing the condition.
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